Improvement in lamps



2 Sheets-Shet 1. L. MANGEON.

Burner for Fishing Lamp. No. 88,968. Patented April 13, 1869.

I'ly'f ffy. a.

PETERS. Pham-Lithograph". wnmngwr n.12Y

2 Sheets-Shet 2.

l.. MANGEN.

Burner for F ishingv Lamp.

Patented April 13, 1869.

W'zhessesl N. Ferias nm-mmgnpnnr, wnmngm nicA duced l ,Statea @latent (Il) ons ffii

ma@ l IMPROVEMENT IN LAMPS.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

To all whom it 'may concern Be it known that I, Louis MANGEON, of' Paris, France, but now residing in the city of New York, in the United States, have invented an Improved Lamp; and I hereby declare the following to be a full aud exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, ibi-ming partof this specification.

The object of my invention is to provide, for burning volatile and highly-comlulstible liquids, and such as produce an inflammable vapor, a lamp, so constructed as to be both safe and convenient in use, and furnish a uniform light for a long period without refilling.

This purpose I accomplish in the following manner: s .I forni a reservoir for the naphtha, benzine, or other burning-duid, separate trom a safety-chamber, through which the wick passes, and so arrange the communication between them that only a small quantity of the tluid will, at any time, be in the cistern at the bottom of the saicty-chamber, from which the wick takes its supply, while the supply will be constantly kept up, and iluid furnished to the wick as fast as it is consumed.

I also provide a wick-tube, or holder, so constructed as to keep the lowest part of the wick at a certain depth in the cistern above mentioned, while it is free to move for adjustment or trimming; and in the top, or capot` the lamp I forni a second safetylchamber around the wick-tube, communicating, by small openings, or tubes, with the outer air and with the firstmentioned satety-chamber, so as to supply air to take the place of the fluid consumed.

The tube i'or tilliug the lamp I place on one side, instead ofthe top, closing it with a screw-cap and packing, and to keep this side uppermost when the lamp lies on its side, either by design, as for iilling, or hy accident, as when tipped over, I place a weight in the stand or othel part of the lamp, on the side opposite to this. y

In the following more exact description of my improved lamp, I shall refer to the drawings before mentioned, oi`whieh Figure l is an elevation.

Figure 2, a vertical section.

Figure 3, an edge view of the wick-tube and appurtenances.

Figure 4, a side view of the same.

Figure 5, a horizontal section, at the line z z, on fig. 2.

Figure 6, a view of the bottom of the stand. The. lsame letters mark the same parts on all the ligures.

The circular stand A supports the pillar IB, upon which is placed the outer shell, or case C of the la-mp.

"ii'hin this case, and occupying all the upper portion, I form the reservoir D, provided with the side tnbeeE, for iilling, but closed, when the lamp is in use, by the screw-cap I and packing a.

At the bottom of the easeU, I make a small cistern, G, and form a communication between it andthe reservoir D, by means of the pipe, or conductor H, provided with the cap, or head P, opening into the reservoir D only at a line very near to that side ofthe reservoir on which the lling-tube is E placed, as shown in the drawing.

The lower end ofthe conductor H extends down into the canal I, opening into the cistern G, and is cut oii9 obliquely, or otherwise so shaped that the edge shall be higher at some particular-point, 4or part than elsewhere.

The space within the case O, around the lower part of and below the reservoir D, forms the safety-chamber N, into which the tube, or pipe J opens at its lower end, after passing down through the reservoir D, to form a clear space for the wick-tubes and for the wick to reach the cistern G.

The top, or screw-cap K, holding the 'wick-tubes g g', is made hollow, so as to' form an upper safety-chamber, N', communicatingwith the outer air by the small vopening c, and with the lower safety-chamberN 'by the small air-tube c', to furnish to the chamber N a supply of air, to replace the fluid drawn from the reservoir D.

IlVithin the chamber N are placed the usual spur- -wheels d, turned by the disk c, for adjusting thewick.

The wick f, passing down the tube g, is turned up,

and inserted in the tube g', the lower end of the ydividiiig-plate 71., which extends down into the cistern G,

being provided with a cylinder or roller, or bent into a rounded shape, so that the wick, passing around it, may move freely. Thus only a small portion of the wick will be kept in the cistern, but always at about the same depth, while a supply for the waste of the top, or for trimmingis furnished from the tube g.

In the stand Athe weight L is placed, on the side opposite to that where the lling-tube E is situated, for the purpose of keeping the side of the filling-tube, or the side on which the lfilling-tube is placed, uppermost, when the lamp is either upset by accident, or laid on its side for filling.

The axis of the disk e and wheels d passes through the tube i, into the chamber N', and this tube is provided with suitable packing to prevent the passage of air or vapor through it.

The cap or extinguisher k, on the top of the wicktube, checks evaporation when the lamp is not in use.

To lill the lamp, lay o1' hold itin a horizontal or nearly horizontal position, with the tube E uppermost,

and through this tube till the reservoir D nearly full.

If lying on a level surface, the stand A, which is com- Inonly broader than the case O, will give the lamp an inclination, so that the top of the reservoir will fill up tothe bottom of the tube E before the bottom of the reservoir is quite full, and before any of the uid (or more than a very little) willhave run into the conductor H. If the lamp is held while lling, the stand A may be kept somewhat elevated for the same purpose, but in any case, only a small portion ofthe iiuid will run into the conductor H while filling, and probably not more than enough to iill the cistern G.

When the reservoir is filled sufficiently, screw the cap, F, on tight, and place the lamp erect. The fluid will then iiow through the conductor H until its surface, in the canal I and cistern G, is 'high enough to close the bottom of the conductor to the air, when, no more air rising into the reservoir, the pressure of the air outside, on the surface of the iuid, will prevent any more from flowing down.

As soon as the fluid in the cistern has its surface lowered, by the supply furnished to the wick, so that it falls below the highest part of the lower edge of the conductor, and opens it to the air again, more fluid will flow down, but as the highest part of the edge is only a small port-ion of it, as already described, only small bubbles of air will be admitted to the conductor, and the iluid will consequently descend gradually, or only a little at a time.v

Ihe wick-tube, passing down first through the chamber N', and then through the pipe J and chamber N, without contact with the reservoir, will conduct little or no heat, either to the reservoir or to the cistern G; and there'being no communication between the fluid in the lamp and the air outside, except by way of the tube c', into the chamber N', and thence lby the opening c, and this tube and opening being of a capillary charac-ter, there is no chance for a flame on the outside, formed from fluid accidentally on the outer surface of the lamp, or otherwise, to communicate with the iiuid-or Vapor within; and even if this vapor should, hy any accidental heat, form so rapidly as to issue in a stream through the opening c, it would only burn as itissued out, as gas burns issuing from an ordinary gas-burner.

If the lamp be accidentally upset while burning, it will lie as already explained, with the filling-tube uppermost. No more fluid, therefore, will run into the cisteln G, and that that was already there will run down into the lowest part of the chamber N, so that the wick, being left without a supply, the iiame will shortly expire for lack of nourishment.

1. I y claim the safety-chamber N, around and below the reservoir D, constructed substantially as described, and for the purposes set forth.

2. I claim the head, I?, of the conductor H, so arranged as to prevent the iiuid from flowing into the chamber N while the lamp is filling, substantially as described. v

3. I claim the arrangement ofthe lling-tube E, on the side of the reservoir, in combination with the supplying-tnbe H, substantially as described.

4. I claim the tubes g and g', for holding and furnishing a supply of wick, substantially as described.

5. In combination with the wick-tubes g and g, I claim the plate h, with a curved or rounded end, for holding the wick in the cistern, substantially as described.

6. I claim a weight, arranged in the foot, 'or base of the lamp, on the opposite side from the filling-tube,

.through which the lamp is filled, so that if the lamp falls over, the weight will roll the lamp, and hold the lilling-tube upward, substantially as described.

LOUIS MANGEON. Witnesses:

J. DENNIS, Jr., WM. Daams. 

